Trump admin 'seriously' considering invoking Insurrection Act: Report

Top officials in the Trump administration discussed invoking the Insurrection Act, which allows the president to deploy military forces on US soil
PUBLISHED OCT 9, 2025
The Insurrection Act of 1807 allows presidents to deploy troops during rebellion or unrest, last used in 1992 and earlier to enforce desegregation (Getty Images)
The Insurrection Act of 1807 allows presidents to deploy troops during rebellion or unrest, last used in 1992 and earlier to enforce desegregation (Getty Images)

WASHINGTON, DC: Top officials in the Trump administration have been engaged in increasingly serious discussions about invoking the Insurrection Act, a centuries-old law that allows the president to deploy military forces on US soil.

NBC News reported on October 8, citing five sources familiar with the talks, that they are “seriously discussing invoking Insurrection Act.”

The debate has intensified as President Donald Trump pushes to send National Guard troops to cities like Los Angeles, Chicago, and Portland, citing the need to reduce violent crime and protect Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) agents from demonstrators.

A senior official said a final decision isn’t imminent but acknowledged that “internal discussions have escalated from theoretical debate to operational planning,” including “drafting legal defenses and identifying potential triggers for action.”  

WASHINGTON, DC - APRIL 17: U.S. President Donald Trump speaks to reporters after signing a proclamation in the Oval Office at the White House on April 17, 2025 in Washington, DC. The proclamation expands fishing rights in the Pacific Islands to an area he described as three times the size of California. (Photo by Win McNamee/Getty Images)
President Donald Trump speaks to reporters after signing a proclamation in the Oval Office at the White House on April 17, 2025 in Washington, DC (Win McNamee/Getty Images)

Trump says he will act if ‘courts or governors hold us up’

President Donald Trump, speaking on Monday, said he would invoke the law “if it was necessary,” particularly if court orders or state officials block federal operations.

“If people were being killed, and courts were holding us up, or governors or mayors were holding us up, sure, I’d do that,” Trump said. “As of now, it hasn’t been needed.”

The Insurrection Act, which dates back to 1807, grants presidents sweeping authority to deploy the military domestically under conditions of “rebellion” or “unlawful obstruction.” It was last used during the 1992 Los Angeles riots and has historically been invoked by Presidents Eisenhower, Kennedy, and Johnson to enforce desegregation orders in the South. 

WASHINGTON, DC - SEPTEMBER 05: U.S. President Donald Trump signs executive orders during a press availability in the Oval Office of the White House on September 05, 2025 in Washington, DC. President Trump signed executive orders which included the renaming of the Department of Defense to the Department of War. (Photo by Kevin Dietsch/Getty Images)
President Donald Trump signs executive orders during a press availability in the Oval Office of the White House on September 05, 2025 in Washington, DC (Kevin Dietsch/Getty Images)

Trump admin faces legal roadblocks and political resistance

The discussions come after a series of legal setbacks for the administration. A federal judge in Oregon recently blocked President Donald Trump’s plan to send National Guard troops to Portland, while another judge ruled last month that the deployment of active-duty forces in Los Angeles violated the Posse Comitatus Act, which prohibits the military from acting as law enforcement.

Officials anticipate swift legal challenges if the Insurrection Act is invoked, with the issue likely reaching the Supreme Court. Some aides have warned that invoking the act now could backfire both legally and politically, especially without evidence of “insurrection-level” violence.

Still, Stephen Miller, one of Trump’s deputy chiefs of staff and a longtime policy adviser, has been a leading advocate for invoking the act, NBC News reported, citing multiple sources.  

WASHINGTON, DC - MAY 30: White House Deputy Chief of Staff Stephen Miller speaks to the media outside the White House on May 30, 2025 in Washington, DC. Miller spoke out against the recent court ruling that blocked the Trump administration's attempt to prevent Harvard University from enrolling foreign students. (Photo by Kevin Dietsch/Getty Images)
White House Deputy Chief of Staff Stephen Miller speaks to the media outside the White House on May 30, 2025 in Washington, DC (Kevin Dietsch/Getty Images)

Trump admin explores ‘escalatory ladder’ for possible Insurrection Act use

Two people close to the White House described the administration’s approach as climbing an “escalatory ladder,” with officials exploring “how and when” the act could be invoked.

The current consensus, aides said, is to exhaust all other options first — including cooperation with local police and judicial appeals — before turning to federal troop deployment.

A White House spokesperson, Abigail Jackson, defended the discussions in a statement: “The Trump administration is committed to restoring law and order in American cities that are plagued by violence due to Democrat mismanagement. The president will not stand by while violent rioters attack federal officers.”  

WASHINGTON, DC - AUGUST 25: Travelers arrive alongside patrolling National Guard soldiers at Union Station on August 25, 2025 in Washington, DC. The Trump administration has deployed federal officers and the National Guard to the District in order to place the DC Metropolitan Police Department under federal control and assist in crime prevention in the nation's capital. (Photo by Kevin Dietsch/Getty Images)
Travelers arrive alongside patrolling National Guard soldiers at Union Station on August 25, 2025 in Washington, DC. The Trump administration has deployed federal officers and the National Guard to the District in order to place the DC Metropolitan Police Department under federal control and assist in crime prevention in the nation's capital (Kevin Dietsch/Getty Images)

WH divided as Trump calls ICE pushback ‘criminal insurrection’

Some within the administration have warned that invoking the act could pit active-duty troops against American civilians — a scenario carrying significant political and moral risks.

Trump, meanwhile, has intensified his rhetoric, labeling pushback against ICE operations in Chicago and Portland as “criminal insurrection.”

“They’re saying they’re going to carry out an insurrection against the federal government by using force,” Miller said on Monday. “This is an all-out campaign against the sovereignty of the United States.”

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