Trump administration to appeal Minnesota court ruling limiting ICE's crowd‑control tactics

US District Judge Katherine Menendez's ruling bars ICE agents from using pepper spray as a crowd control toolor detaining peaceful protesters
PUBLISHED JAN 20, 2026
The ruling was issued in response to a lawsuit filed last year on December 17 by six protesters and observers who claimed that their constitutional rights were violated by actions taken by federal agents (Getty Images)
The ruling was issued in response to a lawsuit filed last year on December 17 by six protesters and observers who claimed that their constitutional rights were violated by actions taken by federal agents (Getty Images)

WASHINGTON, DC: The Trump administration is appealing a federal judge’s ruling in Minnesota that restricts how immigration agents may engage with protesters and limits the tactics they are permitted to use.

These developments unfold against a backdrop of heightened tensions over a federal crackdown on illegal immigration and widespread protests triggered by the fatal shooting of 37‑year‑old Renee Nicole Good by an ICE agent during an enforcement operation.

US Border Patrol Cmdr. Gregory Bovino joins federal agents at the scene of a shooting in Minneapolis on Wednesday, Jan. 7, 2026. (Ellen Schmidt/MinnPost via AP)
US Border Patrol Cmdr. Gregory Bovino joins federal agents at the scene of a shooting in Minneapolis on Wednesday, January 7, 2026 (Ellen Schmidt/MinnPost via AP)

Katherine Menendez’s order limits ICE's use of force

A US district court in Minnesota, under Menendez, issued a ruling aimed at curbing the conduct of federal law enforcement officials participating in an immigration enforcement operation known as "Operation Metro Surge."

The judge’s order was issued in response to a lawsuit filed last year on December 17 by six protesters and observers who claimed that their constitutional rights were violated by actions taken by federal agents. 

Under the injunction, federal agents and officers involved in the operation are prohibited from detaining or arresting peaceful protesters or those merely observing the enforcement activities unless there is reasonable suspicion that they are interfering with law enforcement or have committed a crime. 

Federal immigration officers outside Bishop Henry Whipple Federal Building, Thursday, Jan. 15, 2026, in Minneapolis. (AP Photo/John Locher)
Federal immigration officers outside Bishop Henry Whipple Federal Building, Thursday, January 15, 2026, in Minneapolis (AP Photo/John Locher)

The ruling also bars the use of pepper spray as a crowd control tool against peaceful demonstrators and prohibits stops of vehicles without reasonable suspicion of interference with federal efforts.

The order remains in effect until the operation concludes or conditions change such that it is no longer necessary, according to the ruling. The lawsuit also named officials, including Homeland Security Secretary Kristi Noem and the acting director of Immigration and Customs Enforcement, Todd Lyons, among others.

The plaintiffs' alleged actions also included arrests, detentions, pepper spraying, and even firearms being pointed at them during immigration enforcement operations.

Protesters are hit with projectiles at the scene of a reported shooting Wednesday, Jan. 14, 2026, in Minneapolis. (AP Photo/John Locher)
Protesters are hit with projectiles at the scene of a reported shooting on Wednesday, January 14, 2026, in Minneapolis (AP Photo/John Locher)

Trump administration defends ICE agent's enforcement actions

The DOJ filed a brief indicating its intention to challenge a ruling that barred federal officers from arresting or using force against peaceful demonstrators and observers who were not interfering with law enforcement.

In its appeal, the DOJ is challenging the limitations set by the judge, which included prohibiting federal agents from detaining or using pepper spray, tear gas, or other crowd‑control munitions against peaceful demonstrators and bystanders observing the enforcement operations.

These restrictions were imposed in response to concerns that federal agents’ actions infringed on the constitutional rights of protesters.

A woman holds up a sign as federal immigration officers confront protesters outside Bishop Henry Whipple Federal Building, Thursday, Jan. 15, 2026, in Minneapolis. (AP Photo/Yuki Iwamura)
A woman holds up a sign as federal immigration officers confront protesters outside Bishop Henry Whipple Federal Building, Thursday, January 15, 2026, in Minneapolis. (AP Photo/Yuki Iwamura)

In response, Homeland Security Assistant Secretary Tricia McLaughlin defended the tactics used by officers, stating that agents have exercised restraint amid what the department described as riotous protests.

The department also reported that in a recent incident, a federal officer shot and wounded a Venezuelan man during a traffic stop attempt, after which protests erupted and law enforcement used “flash bang” devices and chemical irritants.

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